Y linkage

Y linkage is the association of genes on the Y chromosome, which are usually inherited together from father to son because the chromosome passes along the paternal line.

Y chromosome: The sex chromosome present in most males of species with an XY sex-determination system. Y-linked genes occupy this chromosome and travel with it through paternal inheritance.
Gene: A DNA sequence that contributes to a functional product or regulates its production. Y linkage concerns genes located on the same Y chromosome.
Y chromosome haplogroup: A branch of the Y-chromosome family tree defined by shared inherited mutations. Haplogroups track paternal-line variants that remain linked across generations.
X-linked inheritance: A pattern of inheritance for genes located on the X chromosome. X-linked genes can pass through mothers and fathers, unlike strictly paternal Y-linked genes.
Y-linked inheritance: A pattern in which a trait-associated gene on the Y chromosome is transmitted from father to son. It describes the family transmission pattern produced by Y linkage.
Allele: One of the alternative forms of a genetic sequence at a particular locus. A Y-linked allele is transmitted as part of the Y chromosome carrying it.
Y-STR: A short tandem repeat marker located on the Y chromosome. Y-STR profiles use linked paternal markers in forensic and genealogical analysis.
Mitochondrial inheritance: Inheritance of genetic variants in mitochondrial DNA, usually transmitted from mother to offspring. Its usual maternal transmission runs opposite to Y-linked paternal transmission.
Pseudoautosomal region: A region shared by the X and Y chromosomes that can pair and recombine during meiosis. Recombination here is an exception to the usual inheritance of Y-linked genes as a group.
Locus (genetics): A gene's or genetic marker's specific position on a chromosome. A gene's position on the Y chromosome determines whether it can show Y linkage.

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