Yemen

Yemen is a country at the southwestern end of the Arabian Peninsula, bordering Saudi Arabia and Oman and facing the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.

Sabaean Kingdom: An ancient South Arabian kingdom centered in what is now Yemen, known for irrigation works and trade. Saba was one of the major kingdoms that flourished in ancient Yemen.
North Yemen Civil War: A 1962–1970 conflict between republican forces and royalists in North Yemen, involving regional intervention. The war established the republic whose institutions later took part in unification.
Bab-el-Mandeb: A narrow strait connecting the Red Sea with the Gulf of Aden and the Arabian Sea. Yemen’s coast borders this chokepoint on a major global shipping route.
British Aden: The British-administered port and surrounding territory in southern Arabia, held from 1839 until 1967. British rule helped create a political trajectory distinct from northern Yemen.
Saudi Arabia: A country occupying most of the Arabian Peninsula, north of Yemen. Saudi Arabia shares Yemen’s longest land border and has intervened in its conflicts.
Himyarite Kingdom: A late antique kingdom in southern Arabia that ruled much of Yemen before the rise of Islam. Himyar became the dominant power in Yemen after earlier South Arabian kingdoms.
South Yemen: A state in southern Arabia that existed from 1967 until unification with North Yemen in 1990. Its separate political system and history remain influential in Yemen’s southern politics.
Socotra: A Yemeni archipelago in the Arabian Sea known for distinctive endemic plants and animals. Socotra shows the ecological importance of Yemen’s island territories.
Federation of South Arabia: A British-sponsored federation of states in southern Arabia that existed from 1962 to 1967. Its short-lived structure preceded independence and the formation of South Yemen.
Oman: A country on the southeastern Arabian Peninsula, bordering Yemen to the east. Oman’s border and diplomacy make it a key neighbor in Yemen’s regional relations.

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