Yi Sun-sin

Yi Sun-sin (1545–1598) was a Korean naval commander of the Joseon dynasty who won major victories against Japanese forces during the Imjin War.

Battle of Myeongnyang: A 1597 naval battle in which a small Joseon fleet defeated a much larger Japanese force in the Myeongnyang Strait. Yi used the strait’s powerful currents to overcome a far larger fleet.
Turtle ship: A Joseon warship with a covered deck, often associated with Yi Sun-sin and the Imjin War. These specialized ships became part of Yi’s naval forces and later accounts of his victories.
Joseon dynasty: A Korean dynasty that ruled from 1392 to 1910. Yi served the dynasty whose court appointed and later reinstated him.
Seonjo of Joseon: The fourteenth king of Joseon, whose reign encompassed the Imjin War. Seonjo’s court demoted and imprisoned Yi before restoring him to command.
Battle of Hansan Island: A 1592 naval battle in which Joseon forces defeated a Japanese fleet off Hansan Island. Yi’s fleet used the crane-wing formation to encircle Japanese ships.
Crane-wing formation: A naval battle formation in which ships spread into a curved shape to surround an opposing fleet. Yi used this formation at Hansan Island to envelop Japanese ships.
Imjin War: A war fought from 1592 to 1598 after Japan invaded Korea, involving Joseon, Japan, and Ming China. The invasion transformed Yi from a regional commander into a central defender of Joseon.
Ryu Seong-ryong: A Joseon statesman and scholar who served as chief state councillor during the Imjin War. Ryu supported Yi’s appointment and recorded the war’s political and military crises.
Battle of Noryang: A 1598 naval battle fought during the Japanese withdrawal from Korea, in which Yi Sun-sin was killed. Yi died while pursuing the retreating Japanese fleet in his final battle.
Joseon navy: The naval forces maintained by Korea’s Joseon dynasty. Yi commanded Joseon fleets whose organization and coastal bases sustained his campaigns.

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