Yongle Emperor

The third emperor of China’s Ming dynasty, Zhu Di ruled from 1402 to 1424. He moved the capital to Beijing and sponsored the Forbidden City, the Yongle Encyclopedia, and Zheng He’s maritime expeditions.

Forbidden City: A palace complex in Beijing that served as China’s imperial residence and political center for nearly five centuries. Its construction under Yongle established Beijing’s monumental imperial center.
Jingnan campaign: A civil war from 1399 to 1402 in which Zhu Di defeated the Jianwen Emperor’s forces. Victory in this campaign brought Zhu Di to the throne.
Hongwu Emperor: The founding emperor of the Ming dynasty, who ruled from 1368 to 1398. As Zhu Di’s father, Hongwu shaped the succession system that later fractured.
Zheng He’s voyages: Seven state-sponsored Chinese maritime expeditions across the Indian Ocean between 1405 and 1433. These voyages were the most visible overseas undertaking begun under Yongle.
Beijing: The capital of China, located in the country’s north. Yongle made Beijing the Ming capital, redirecting the dynasty’s political geography.
Ming emperor: The sovereign who ruled China under the Ming dynasty’s imperial system. Yongle wielded authority through the offices and rituals of the Ming emperorship.
Jianwen Emperor: The second Ming emperor, who ruled from 1398 until his overthrow in 1402. His attempt to curb princely power triggered Zhu Di’s rebellion.
Nanjing: A major city in eastern China that served as the early Ming capital. Yongle ruled from Nanjing before establishing Beijing as the main capital.
Zheng He: A Chinese admiral and diplomat who led seven Ming maritime expeditions between 1405 and 1433. Yongle commissioned the voyages that made Zheng He a leading figure in Ming diplomacy.
Grand Canal of China: A historic network of waterways linking northern and southern China, including Beijing and the Yangtze region. Its transport capacity helped provision the relocated capital and northern frontier.

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