Knowra Zahi Hawass Zahi Hawass Zahi Hawass is an Egyptian archaeologist and Egyptologist known for excavations and heritage work at ancient Egyptian sites and for serving as Egypt’s minister of antiquities.
Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities : Egyptian state body responsible for managing archaeological sites, museums, and antiquities before its reorganization as a ministry. Hawass led this institution before becoming minister of antiquities.
Giza pyramid complex : The archaeological landscape containing the pyramids of Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure, along with cemeteries and monuments. Hawass directed excavations and site management work on the Giza Plateau.
Egyptian archaeology : The study and excavation of material remains from ancient and later societies in Egypt. Hawass’s career is part of the modern institutional history of archaeology in Egypt.
Egyptian antiquities law : Egypt’s legal framework governing archaeological heritage, excavation, ownership, and trade in antiquities. The law defines the state powers Hawass exercised and the legal context for his repatriation campaigns.
Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities : Egyptian government ministry responsible for tourism policy and the protection and presentation of antiquities. Hawass served as minister when the department was called the Ministry of State for Antiquities Affairs.
Great Sphinx of Giza : A monumental limestone statue near the pyramid of Khafre, depicting a recumbent lion with a human head. Hawass has worked on the Sphinx’s archaeology and conservation.
Egyptology : The scholarly study of ancient Egyptian history, language, religion, and material culture. His research and public work have made him one of Egyptology’s most visible contemporary figures.
Antiquities looting : The unauthorized removal and trade of archaeological objects, often damaging sites and obscuring an object’s context. Hawass’s public advocacy against looting contrasts with the illicit trade he sought to curb.
Mark Lehner : American Egyptologist whose archaeological research has focused on the Giza Plateau and the Great Sphinx. Lehner and Hawass have both conducted prominent archaeological work at Giza.
Valley of the Golden Mummies : A Greco-Roman-period burial ground at Bahariya Oasis, where thousands of mummies have been identified. Hawass led excavations there that brought the cemetery widespread attention.
Show all 23