Zaum

Zaum is an experimental poetic language that loosens or abandons ordinary semantic meaning in favor of sound, rhythm, and invented words.

Russian Futurism: An early twentieth-century Russian avant-garde movement that rejected artistic conventions and embraced experimentation. Zaum developed within this movement’s campaign against inherited poetic language.
Neologism: A newly coined word or expression entering a language or created for a particular use. Invented words let zaum exceed the vocabulary of ordinary speech.
Igor Terentyev: A Russian Futurist poet and playwright associated with zaum and the Tiflis avant-garde. His poetry and manifestos extended zaum beyond its Moscow and St. Petersburg beginnings.
Transrational poetry: Poetry that moves beyond ordinary rational meaning through invented language and experimental form. This English term commonly describes the kind of writing practiced as zaum.
Defamiliarization: An artistic technique that makes familiar objects or language seem strange and newly perceptible. Zaum estranges speech by making its sounds and word forms unfamiliar.
Aleksei Kruchenykh: A Russian Futurist poet and theorist who helped create and define zaum. His poems and writings made zaum a distinct poetic practice.
Phonosemantics: The study of relationships between speech sounds and meaning or expressive associations. Zaum tests how far sound can suggest meaning without conventional definitions.
Ilia Zdanevich: A Georgian-born Russian avant-garde poet and artist who wrote experimental zaum works. His transrational plays made zaum a vehicle for theatrical experiment.
Zaum theater: Avant-garde performance that uses zaum language to disrupt conventional dialogue and dramatic sense. Stage works made zaum’s unfamiliar sounds bodily and performative.
Linguistic relativity: The hypothesis that the structure of a language influences how its speakers think and perceive. Zaum asks whether poetic invention can escape the limits of established language.

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