Zoetrope

A zoetrope is a rotating cylinder lined with sequential images and pierced by viewing slits. Looking through the slits makes the images appear to move.

Phi phenomenon: An illusion of movement produced when stationary lights or images appear in succession. It describes how separate pictures in a zoetrope can be perceived as one moving figure.
William George Horner: An English mathematician who described the device later known as the zoetrope in 1834. Horner's 1834 design, called the daedaleum, is the zoetrope's direct predecessor.
Apparent motion: The perception of movement produced by visual stimuli that are actually separate or stationary. A zoetrope is a mechanical demonstration of apparent motion.
3D zoetrope: A rotating installation of three-dimensional figures that appear animated when viewed under intermittent light. It adapts the zoetrope's repeating sequence to physical sculptures and stroboscopic illumination.
Phenakistiscope: A nineteenth-century animation device that uses a spinning disk and viewing slits to animate sequential drawings. Its flat disk design contrasts with the zoetrope's image strip arranged around a cylinder.
Frame rate: The number of individual images displayed per second in a sequence. The number of images and the cylinder's rotation rate determine how often the zoetrope presents a new pose.
Daedaleum: The rotating image cylinder described by William George Horner in 1834, later known as the zoetrope. This was the original form of the device before the later name became established.
Animation: The creation of moving images by displaying still images in sequence. The zoetrope is an early device for presenting animation.
Pixar: An American animation studio known for computer-animated feature films and short films. Pixar's 2005 installation The Zoetrope used figurines and a strobe to create a three-dimensional animation.
Praxinoscope: A nineteenth-century animation device that uses mirrors inside a rotating drum to show successive drawings. Its central mirrors avoid the zoetrope's dim, narrow slit views.

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