Linked from

The 8 pages that link to 4f orbital, each with the reason it gives.

• Rare-earth elementRelated: Its electrons underlie many characteristic magnetic and optical properties of lanthanides.

• LanthanideBroader topic: Progressive occupation of this subshell defines the series’ electronic pattern.

• Lanthanide contractionBroader topic: The lanthanide series fills 4f orbitals, whose electrons provide weak shielding.

• ErbiumRelated: Erbium’s partly filled 4f shell creates its characteristic electronic transitions.

• DysprosiumRelated: Dysprosium’s unpaired 4f electrons generate its strong magnetic moment.

• 4f electronBroader topic: A 4f electron is an electron occupying one of these seven orbitals.

• ThuliumNarrower topic: Thulium’s partially filled 4f shell gives its ions characteristic optical transitions.

• Period 6 elementRelated: The 4f subshell fills across the lanthanide portion of period 6.