Aeschylus

Aeschylus was an Athenian tragedian of the fifth century BCE, remembered for surviving plays including the Oresteia trilogy and for shaping early Greek tragedy.

Oresteia: A trilogy of tragedies by Aeschylus comprising Agamemnon, The Libation Bearers, and The Eumenides. This trilogy is his only surviving connected sequence of plays.
Greek tragedy: A genre of ancient Greek drama that presents serious conflict through performance, poetry, and often a chorus. Aeschylus’s surviving works are foundational examples of this genre.
City Dionysia: An Athenian festival honoring Dionysus that featured competitions in tragedy and comedy. Aeschylus presented tragedies in the festival’s dramatic competitions.
Sophocles: An Athenian tragedian whose surviving plays include Oedipus the King and Antigone. His later dramatic practice offers a comparison with Aeschylus’s earlier form.
Agamemnon: A tragedy by Aeschylus depicting Agamemnon’s return to Argos and murder by Clytemnestra. Its opening play launches the Oresteia’s cycle of vengeance.
Chorus (ancient Greek theatre): A group of performers who sing and speak collectively in ancient Greek drama. His plays give the chorus an unusually substantial role in the action.
Dionysus: A Greek god associated with wine, ecstatic ritual, and theatrical performance. Athenian tragedy was performed at festivals held in his honor.
Euripides: An Athenian tragedian known for plays including Medea, Hippolytus, and The Bacchae. His psychologically intricate dramas show a later direction in Greek tragedy.
The Persians: A tragedy by Aeschylus portraying the Persian defeat at Salamis from the Persian court’s perspective. It is his earliest surviving play and a rare tragedy about recent history.
Dialogue (theatre): Spoken exchange between characters in a theatrical work. Tradition credits Aeschylus with expanding dramatic exchange by introducing a second actor.

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