Knowra Albrecht Kossel Albrecht Kossel Albrecht Kossel (1853–1927) was a German biochemist who investigated cell chemistry, especially nucleic acids and proteins. He received the 1910 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on cell chemistry.
Nucleobase : A nitrogen-containing molecule that forms part of a nucleotide in DNA or RNA. Kossel isolated and characterized several of the bases that became central to nucleic-acid chemistry.
Nuclein : A phosphorus-rich substance isolated from cell nuclei, later understood to contain nucleic acid and protein. Kossel studied nuclein and helped distinguish its chemical constituents.
Friedrich Miescher : A Swiss physician and biochemist who first isolated nuclein from cell nuclei in the 1860s. Miescher discovered the material Kossel later analyzed in greater chemical detail.
University of Strasbourg : A research university in Strasbourg, France, founded in its modern form in 1538. Kossel studied medicine there and later held a professorship in physiological chemistry.
Adenine : A purine nucleobase found in DNA, RNA, ATP, and other biological molecules. Kossel identified adenine in 1885 while studying nucleic-acid breakdown products.
Nucleotide : A molecule composed of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and one or more phosphate groups. Nucleotides provide the chemical framework for interpreting the bases Kossel analyzed.
Emil Fischer : A German chemist known for foundational research on sugars, purines, and proteins. Fischer’s work on purines and protein chemistry overlapped with Kossel’s investigations of cellular substances.
University of Marburg : A public research university in Marburg, Germany, founded in 1527. Kossel led its physiological chemistry institute before moving to Heidelberg.
Thymine : A pyrimidine nucleobase found in DNA, where it pairs with adenine. Kossel helped identify thymine among the bases obtained from nucleic acids.
Protein : A biological macromolecule made from amino acids linked into one or more chains. Kossel investigated proteins alongside nucleic acids as components of cells.
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