American imperialism

American imperialism is the extension of U.S. political, military, and economic power beyond its borders through territorial acquisition, intervention, or other forms of dominance.

Manifest Destiny: The nineteenth-century belief that U.S. expansion across North America was justified and inevitable. Its language of providential expansion helped frame continental conquest as a national mission.
Spanish–American War: The 1898 war between Spain and the United States that ended Spanish rule in Cuba and transferred overseas possessions to U.S. control. Victory brought the United States into direct rule over distant territories.
Alfred Thayer Mahan: A U.S. naval officer and historian who argued that sea power depended on a strong navy, commerce, and overseas bases. His strategic argument strengthened calls for a larger navy and Pacific footholds.
Anti-imperialism: Political opposition to acquiring or exercising imperial control over other peoples and territories. Its advocates challenged the legitimacy and consequences of U.S. expansion.
Philippine–American War: An armed conflict from 1899 to 1902 between the United States and Filipino forces seeking independence. The war revealed the violence required to establish U.S. colonial rule in the Philippines.
Monroe Doctrine: The 1823 U.S. policy warning European powers against further colonization or political interference in the Americas. Later U.S. leaders invoked it to claim a special role in the Western Hemisphere.
Platt Amendment: A 1901 U.S. law that restricted Cuban sovereignty and authorized U.S. intervention in Cuba. It formalized a form of control that stopped short of annexing Cuba.
Theodore Roosevelt: The 26th president of the United States, known for expanding federal power and asserting U.S. influence abroad. His administration used intervention and naval power to project U.S. authority.
Self-determination: The principle that a people should determine its own political status and form of government. The principle exposed the tension between U.S. claims of liberty and colonial rule.
Insular Cases: A series of U.S. Supreme Court decisions beginning in 1901 on the constitutional status of territories acquired after the Spanish–American War. The decisions shaped how U.S. law applied to people in overseas territories.

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