Knowra Analogue electronics Analogue electronics Analogue electronics designs and studies circuits that process continuously varying electrical signals. Its circuits include amplifiers, filters, and oscillators.
Operational amplifier : A high-gain differential voltage amplifier used with feedback to perform linear and nonlinear circuit functions. Feedback around this versatile amplifier creates many standard analogue circuit functions.
Negative feedback : A feedback method that subtracts a system's output from its input to reduce error and stabilize behavior. It sets amplifier gain and improves linearity while trading away some open-loop gain.
Electronic amplifier : An electronic circuit that increases a signal's voltage, current, or power using energy from a supply. Amplification is a central analogue function, from sensors to audio systems.
Digital electronics : The design of circuits that represent and process information using discrete signal levels, usually binary. Its discrete logic contrasts with analogue circuits' continuous signal representation.
Resistor : A passive component that opposes electric current and dissipates electrical energy as heat. Resistors set gains, biases, and time constants in analogue circuits.
Frequency response : A system's steady-state gain and phase shift as functions of input frequency. It reveals which signal components a circuit passes, attenuates, or distorts.
Active filter : A filter circuit that uses active devices, such as operational amplifiers, alongside passive components. Active filters can provide gain and avoid inductors in many designs.
Mixed-signal integrated circuit : An integrated circuit containing both analogue and digital circuitry. Many systems combine analogue signal conditioning with digital computation.
Capacitor : A passive component that stores energy in an electric field and opposes changes in voltage. Its frequency-dependent behavior enables coupling, filtering, and timing.
Bode plot : A pair of logarithmic graphs showing a system's gain and phase versus frequency. Engineers use it to inspect circuit bandwidth, resonance, and stability margins.
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