Battle of Culloden

The Battle of Culloden was fought on 16 April 1746 near Inverness, where government forces defeated the Jacobite army and ended the rising of 1745.

Culloden Battlefield: The moor near Inverness where the Battle of Culloden was fought. Its boggy ground and narrow front hindered the Jacobite charge.
Jacobite rising of 1745: A rebellion led by Charles Edward Stuart to restore the Stuart dynasty to the British throne. Culloden was the rising’s decisive final battle.
William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland: The British royal prince who commanded government forces at Culloden. His army’s victory made him the central government commander associated with the battle.
Act of Proscription 1746: A British law that restricted Highland dress, weapons, and aspects of clan authority after the rising. It formed part of the government’s response to the Jacobite defeat.
Culloden House: A historic house near Inverness associated with the final Jacobite campaign. The Jacobite army used the area around the house before the battle.
Jacobite army: The military force assembled to restore the Stuart dynasty to the British throne. Its exhausted troops faced government artillery and disciplined infantry.
Charles Edward Stuart: The Stuart claimant who led the Jacobite rising of 1745. His campaign brought the Jacobite army to Culloden.
George Murray (Jacobite general): A Scottish nobleman and senior Jacobite commander during the rising of 1745. His military experience had guided the Jacobite campaign before Culloden.
Heritable Jurisdictions (Scotland) Act 1746: A law that abolished many hereditary judicial powers held by Scottish landowners and clan chiefs. It weakened clan chiefs’ authority after Culloden.
Leanach Cottage: A surviving thatched cottage on Culloden battlefield, dating from the period of the battle. It anchors the battlefield’s landscape in a surviving eighteenth-century building.

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