KnowraBattle of RaphiaBattle of RaphiaA battle fought in 217 BC near Raphia, where Ptolemy IV defeated Antiochus III during the Fourth Syrian War.BriefConnectPtolemaic army: The military forces maintained by the Ptolemaic kingdom of Egypt. Its elephants, phalanx, cavalry, and allied contingents formed Ptolemy IV’s force.Fourth Syrian War: A conflict between the Ptolemaic and Seleucid kingdoms fought from 219 to 217 BC. Raphia was the decisive battle that ended this war.Treaty of Raphia: The settlement ending the Fourth Syrian War and restoring Ptolemaic control over Coele-Syria. It translated Ptolemy IV’s battlefield victory into a territorial settlement.Battle of Panium: A battle around 200 BC in which Antiochus III defeated the Ptolemaic army in Coele-Syria. It reversed the Ptolemaic success at Raphia and secured Seleucid control of the region.Seleucid army: The military forces of the Seleucid Empire, combining Macedonian-style units with troops from across its territories. Antiochus III brought this army to challenge Ptolemaic control of Coele-Syria.First Syrian War: A conflict between the Ptolemaic and Seleucid kingdoms, fought around 274–271 BC. It began the series of wars over territories that remained contested at Raphia.Ptolemaic revolt: A series of uprisings against Ptolemaic rule in Egypt, especially prominent in Upper Egypt during the second century BC. The arming of Egyptian soldiers at Raphia is linked to later unrest, though the revolt’s causes were broader.Battle of Magnesia: A battle in 190 BC in which Rome and its allies defeated Antiochus III near Magnesia in Asia Minor. It marked a later and more lasting defeat in Antiochus III’s expansionist career.War elephant: An elephant trained and deployed as a battlefield weapon, often carrying fighters or equipment. Both sides used elephants, whose clashes disrupted parts of the battle line.Third Syrian War: A conflict fought from 246 to 241 BC between Ptolemaic Egypt and the Seleucid Empire. Its unsettled territorial gains helped shape the rivalry preceding the Fourth Syrian War.Show all 21Linked from 8 pagesSeleucid EmpireBroader topic: It checked Seleucid efforts to take Egypt’s frontier region.Hellenistic warfareBroader topic: It is a rare, detailed example of two Hellenistic armies meeting with elephants on both sides.Hellenistic armyBroader topic: Its armies fielded phalanxes, cavalry, and war elephants, making it a revealing test of royal forces.Sargon IIBroader topic: The victory secured Sargon’s authority in the Levant after the revolt of Iamani.Syrian WarsBroader topic: This decisive victory temporarily secured Coele-Syria for the Ptolemies.Show all 8