Biblical theology

Biblical theology studies the theological themes and development of the Bible as a collection of texts, tracing how ideas emerge and change across its writings.

Biblical canon: The collection of writings recognized as authoritative scripture within a religious tradition. Different canonical boundaries shape which texts a biblical theology brings into conversation.
Intertextuality: The relationships through which texts echo, cite, or reinterpret other texts. Biblical theology traces how later writings reuse earlier language and scriptural traditions.
Systematic theology: The organized study of religious doctrines and their relations to one another. It typically arranges claims by topic, while biblical theology emphasizes their textual and historical development.
Johann Philipp Gabler: A German theologian whose 1787 inaugural lecture distinguished biblical theology from dogmatic theology. His distinction helped establish biblical theology as a historical and descriptive discipline.
Hebrew Bible: The Jewish collection of scriptures, also known in Christian contexts as the Old Testament. Its texts form the scriptural foundation for Jewish theology and much Christian biblical theology.
Typology: An interpretive approach that reads earlier persons, events, or institutions as patterns fulfilled later. Typological readings connect scriptural events across periods while preserving their narrative sequence.
Historical theology: The study of how Christian beliefs and practices developed through history. It follows theology across later communities and centuries, beyond the biblical corpus.
Geerhardus Vos: A Dutch-American theologian associated with a redemptive-historical account of biblical theology. He framed the field around the historical unfolding of revelation in biblical texts.
New Testament: The collection of early Christian writings included in the Christian Bible. Its writings develop, reinterpret, and apply themes inherited from Israel's scriptures.
Covenant: A binding relationship or agreement that structures obligations and promises between parties. Covenant language links major biblical accounts of divine-human relationship.

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