Linked from

The 80 pages that link to Bipedalism, each with the reason it gives.

• Human evolutionRelated: Upright walking is an early defining adaptation in the human lineage.

• TheropodaRelated: Most theropods held their bodies above the hind limbs and moved bipedally.

• PaleoanthropologyRelated: The timing, ecological causes, and anatomical sequence of its emergence remain debated.

• Homo erectusRelated: Its body proportions reflect a form of bipedalism adapted to walking over distance.

• HomininRelated: Habitual upright walking is a major adaptation in the hominin lineage.

• Homo sapiensRelated: Habitual upright walking shapes the human skeleton and frees the hands for other tasks.

• DinosauriaRelated: Upright hind limbs enabled many early dinosaurs to move efficiently on two legs.

• GaitRelated: Human gait is a form of bipedal locomotion.

• Australopithecus afarensisNarrower topic: Australopithecus afarensis walked upright, as shown by its anatomy and footprints.

• QuadrupedalismCompared with: Bipedalism relies on two limbs rather than four for locomotor support.

• WalkingNarrower topic: Walking is a common human form of bipedal locomotion.

• AustralopithecusRelated: Habitual upright walking is central to identifying australopith adaptations.

• Terrestrial locomotionBroader topic: It is a distinctive terrestrial strategy that concentrates support on alternating limbs.

• Dinosaur locomotionCompared with: Many theropods were bipedal, unlike the quadrupedal posture common among several other dinosaur groups.

• Australopithecus africanusNarrower topic: Pelvic, leg, and foot anatomy indicates that Australopithecus africanus walked upright.

• Ardipithecus ramidusNarrower topic: Ardi’s pelvis, feet, and lower limbs inform debate about early forms of upright walking.

• DromaeosauridaeRelated: Dromaeosaurids were bipedal, with forelimbs available for grasping and display.

• HadrosauridaeRelated: Hadrosaurs could walk on two legs as well as move on all fours.

• CoelophysisRelated: Coelophysis's long hind limbs and reduced forelimbs reflect an upright, two-legged gait.

• Laetoli footprintsNarrower topic: The tracks provide direct evidence that hominins walked upright on two legs.

• Mary LeakeyRelated: The Laetoli footprints supplied direct evidence of bipedal walking millions of years ago.

• Theropod locomotionNarrower topic: Theropods moved chiefly on their hind limbs, freeing their forelimbs from weight-bearing.

• FootNarrower topic: The human foot’s structure reflects the demands of habitual upright walking.

• Hominin evolutionRelated: Habitual upright walking became a defining adaptation in early hominins.

• Homo nalediRelated: Homo naledi had lower-limb and pelvic anatomy consistent with habitual upright walking.

• Kangaroo locomotionCompared with: Kangaroos are bipedal, but their usual traveling gait is hopping rather than human-like walking.

• LaetoliNarrower topic: The Laetoli tracks provide direct evidence of ancient hominin bipedal walking.

• Lucy (Australopithecus)Narrower topic: Lucy’s pelvis and leg bones are central evidence that her species walked bipedally.

• Australopithecus sedibaRelated: Leg, pelvis, and foot fossils bear on how Australopithecus sediba walked.

• ArdipithecusNarrower topic: Ardipithecus fossils provide evidence about bipedal movement early in hominin evolution.

• HomoRelated: Habitual bipedalism predates Homo and remains central to its evolutionary background.

• IguanodonRelated: Early restorations posed Iguanodon upright, while later evidence supported a more flexible stance.

• Sahelanthropus tchadensisRelated: The species' possible upright posture is central to claims about early hominin behavior.

• HindlimbRelated: In humans, the hindlimbs support the body and drive upright walking.

• Middle AwashRelated: Ardi's Middle Awash anatomy informs hypotheses about how early hominins moved.

• SahelanthropusRelated: The orientation of the skull and disputed leg-bone evidence inform claims of upright walking.

• Saltatorial locomotionCompared with: Bipedalism describes the number of limbs used, while saltatorial locomotion describes movement by leaps.

• Australopithecus anamensisNarrower topic: The species’ knee and ankle fossils provide evidence for upright walking.

• MegatheriumRelated: Megatherium's powerful hindquarters may have let it rear upright while feeding.

• OrnithopodaRelated: Many early and small ornithopods moved primarily on two legs.

• Ground slothRelated: Strong hind limbs and a massive tail let some ground sloths rear to reach vegetation.

• HerrerasaurusRelated: Herrerasaurus's hindlimbs and body proportions indicate habitual two-legged movement.

• Homo ergasterRelated: The species’ long legs and body proportions indicate efficient terrestrial bipedalism.

• OrrorinRelated: Orrorin’s upper femur has features interpreted as adaptations for upright walking.

• PlateosaurusRelated: Plateosaurus could walk on its hind limbs, despite its substantial body size.

• TroodontidaeRelated: Troodontid skeletons indicate habitual movement on two hind limbs.

• ArdiNarrower topic: Ardi’s pelvis and lower limbs are central to assessing early forms of this locomotion.

• Ardipithecus kadabbaRelated: Foot and leg evidence bears on whether kadabba moved habitually on two legs.

• CompsognathusRelated: Compsognathus’s hindlimb proportions suit the bipedal gait typical of theropods.

• Human skeletonRelated: Human skeletal proportions and pelvic structure reflect adaptation to upright two-legged movement.