Black Lives Matter

Black Lives Matter is a decentralized movement opposing anti-Black violence and systemic racism through protest, organizing, advocacy, and cultural work.

Alicia Garza: A Black American activist and writer who co-founded the Black Lives Matter movement. Garza wrote the 2013 post that helped establish the movement’s name and organizing frame.
Decentralized network: An organization or system in which authority and coordination are distributed among multiple participants or nodes. Local groups can organize autonomously while sharing a common movement identity.
Say Her Name: A campaign highlighting Black women and girls affected by police violence and other forms of state violence. It addresses how public discussion of anti-Black violence can overlook women and girls.
All Lives Matter: A slogan used in response to Black Lives Matter, asserting that every human life has equal value. Its universal framing is criticized for diverting attention from the specific harms the movement names.
Patrisse Cullors: A Black American activist, artist, and organizer who co-founded Black Lives Matter. Cullors helped turn the phrase into an organized movement with Alicia Garza and Opal Tometi.
Hashtag activism: The use of social-media hashtags to circulate information, frame public discussion, and coordinate collective action. The hashtag made incidents visible across locations and helped connect online attention to organizing.
Campaign Zero: A policy initiative proposing reforms intended to reduce police violence in the United States. It illustrates a reform-oriented approach associated with organizing after Ferguson.
Blue Lives Matter: A slogan and movement expressing support for police officers, especially in response to Black Lives Matter. It frames police identity and safety as a counterpoint in disputes over policing and racial justice.
Opal Tometi: A Nigerian American writer, strategist, and organizer who co-founded Black Lives Matter. Tometi developed digital organizing infrastructure that connected local activism across the United States.
Community organizing: A process through which people build collective power to address shared problems and influence institutions. Local organizing sustains campaigns beyond moments of viral attention.

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