Bohr magneton

The Bohr magneton, μB = eℏ/(2mₑ), is a physical constant that sets the natural scale of an electron’s magnetic dipole moment.

Elementary charge: The magnitude of the electric charge carried by a proton or electron. Its value supplies the charge factor in the Bohr magneton.
Electron spin: The intrinsic angular momentum of an electron, with spin quantum number 1/2. An electron's spin magnetic moment is approximately one Bohr magneton in magnitude.
Electron paramagnetic resonance: A spectroscopic method that detects transitions between electron-spin states in a magnetic field. Its resonance frequencies depend on the Bohr magneton, field strength, and g-factor.
Niels Bohr: A Danish physicist who developed an influential early model of the atom. The magneton is named for Bohr, whose atomic theory helped establish its historical setting.
Reduced Planck constant: The Planck constant divided by 2π, commonly denoted ℏ. It contributes the quantum-angular-momentum scale in the definition.
Spin magnetic moment: The magnetic dipole moment associated with a particle's intrinsic spin. For an electron, its magnitude is set by the Bohr magneton and the g-factor.
Magneton: A natural unit used to express magnetic dipole moments of particles or atoms. The Bohr magneton is the electron-based member of the magneton family.
Paul Langevin: A French physicist who developed early theories of magnetism and molecular motion. Langevin introduced the term Bohr magneton in work on molecular magnetism.
Electron mass: The invariant mass of an electron. It appears in the denominator, setting the magneton's scale for an electron.
Orbital magnetic moment: A magnetic dipole moment produced by orbital angular momentum of electric charge. An electron's orbital magnetic moment is quantized in units of the Bohr magneton.

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