Knowra Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country in southeastern Europe on the Balkan Peninsula, bordering Croatia, Serbia, and Montenegro. Its political system includes two entities and the Brčko District.
Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina : One of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s two entities, comprising ten cantons and predominantly inhabited by Bosniaks and Croats. It is one of the two entities established by the postwar constitutional order.
Bosnian Kingdom : A medieval South Slavic kingdom that reached its greatest extent under King Tvrtko I in the fourteenth century. It provides an earlier example of a Bosnian polity before Ottoman rule.
Bosnian War : An armed conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1992 to 1995, fought amid the breakup of Yugoslavia. The war devastated the country and drove the negotiations that established its current order.
Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina : The three-member collective head of state, with one Bosniak, one Croat, and one Serb member. Its rotating, tripartite design embodies the country’s power-sharing system.
Croatia : A country in southeastern Europe on the Adriatic Sea, bordering Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Hungary, and Slovenia. It shares a border and Yugoslav history but has a different constitutional structure.
Republika Srpska : One of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s two entities, with a predominantly Serb population. It is the other entity in the country’s postwar constitutional structure.
Ottoman Bosnia : The territory of Bosnia under Ottoman rule, beginning with the conquest of the medieval kingdom in the fifteenth century. Ottoman administration and conversion to Islam profoundly shaped Bosnia’s society.
Siege of Sarajevo : The prolonged siege of Sarajevo by Bosnian Serb forces from 1992 to 1996 during the Bosnian War. The capital’s siege became one of the war’s defining civilian ordeals.
Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina : Bosnia and Herzegovina’s bicameral national legislature, consisting of the House of Representatives and House of Peoples. Its chambers translate the constitutional power-sharing rules into national lawmaking.
Serbia : A landlocked country in southeastern Europe, bordering Bosnia and Herzegovina and several other Balkan states. It shares deep historical ties with Bosnia while having a unitary state structure.
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