British rule in Burma

British rule in Burma was the colonial administration imposed after three Anglo-Burmese Wars, lasting until Burma became independent in 1948.

First Anglo-Burmese War: The 1824–1826 war between the British East India Company and the Burmese Konbaung dynasty. Its defeat forced Burma to cede territory and pay an indemnity, beginning British expansion.
British Burma: The colonial territory administered by Britain in Burma from the nineteenth century until independence in 1948. It was the formal territorial structure through which colonial government operated.
Mindon Min: The penultimate king of Burma, who ruled the Konbaung dynasty from 1853 to 1878. His reign sought to preserve Burmese independence after the loss of Lower Burma.
Yangon: Myanmar’s largest city, known as Rangoon during British rule and the country’s colonial-era capital. Its port, institutions, and urban form grew under colonial administration.
Saya San rebellion: A major peasant uprising against British rule in Burma from 1930 to 1932, led by Saya San. It exposed rural opposition to taxation and colonial authority.
Second Anglo-Burmese War: The 1852 war in which Britain seized Lower Burma from the Konbaung dynasty. Its annexation brought the Irrawaddy delta and Rangoon under British control.
Government of India Act 1935: British legislation that reorganized governance in India and separated Burma from British India in 1937. It made Burma a separately administered colony rather than a province of British India.
Thibaw Min: The last king of Burma, deposed and exiled by Britain after the 1885 invasion. His removal marked the end of the Burmese monarchy and the completion of conquest.
Burma–Thailand railway: A railway built by Japan and forced laborers during the Second World War, linking Thailand with Burma. Its wartime construction shows how Burma’s colonial-era infrastructure became a theater of imperial conflict.
Japanese occupation of Burma: Japan’s military occupation of Burma from 1942 to 1945 during the Second World War. The occupation shattered British control before the postwar independence negotiations.

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