Bulgaria

Bulgaria is a country in southeastern Europe, bordered by Romania, Serbia, North Macedonia, Greece, and Turkey, with a coastline on the Black Sea.

First Bulgarian Empire: A medieval Bulgarian state that emerged in the late seventh century and became a major power in southeastern Europe. It established an early Bulgarian state and shaped the region's medieval political and cultural life.
Constitution of Bulgaria: The supreme legal framework defining Bulgaria's political institutions, rights, and principles of government. It establishes the parliamentary republic and defines the powers of its institutions.
Balkan Mountains: A mountain range crossing Bulgaria from west to east and continuing into eastern Serbia. The range divides northern and southern Bulgaria and has shaped routes and regional identities.
Balkan Wars: Two wars fought in southeastern Europe in 1912–1913 over Ottoman territories and regional power. Bulgaria's territorial ambitions and defeat in the Second Balkan War reshaped its borders.
Bulgarian Orthodox Church: An autocephalous Eastern Orthodox church and the principal historic Christian institution in Bulgaria. Its institutions helped sustain Bulgarian religious and cultural life through foreign rule.
Second Bulgarian Empire: A Bulgarian state that flourished from the late twelfth century until the Ottoman conquest in the late fourteenth century. Its revival restored Bulgarian rule after Byzantine domination.
National Assembly of Bulgaria: Bulgaria's unicameral legislature, which passes laws and oversees the government. Its members legislate and determine whether a government can maintain parliamentary support.
Danube: Europe's second-longest river, flowing along much of Bulgaria's northern border with Romania. Its valley forms a major boundary and transport corridor in northern Bulgaria.
Bulgaria in World War I: Bulgaria's participation in World War I as an ally of the Central Powers from 1915 to 1918. Defeat brought territorial losses and political instability to the country.
Cyrillic script: An alphabet used by many Slavic and non-Slavic languages, including Bulgarian. Bulgarian literary history helped spread Cyrillic across the Slavic world.

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