C++

C++ is a general-purpose programming language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup as an extension of C. It combines low-level control with abstraction features such as classes, templates, and generic programming.

C programming language: C is a procedural programming language designed for systems programming and direct interaction with hardware. C++ preserves much of C's syntax and low-level programming model while adding features.
C++ compilation model: The C++ compilation model transforms source files through preprocessing, compilation, and linking into executable programs. Separate translation units and linking shape how large C++ projects are organized.
Bjarne Stroustrup: Bjarne Stroustrup is a Danish computer scientist who designed and developed C++. Stroustrup began the language's development at Bell Labs in the late 1970s.
Systems programming: Systems programming develops software that manages hardware, operating systems, and other foundational computing resources. C++ offers direct control over memory and machine-level behavior for system software.
Object-oriented programming: Object-oriented programming organizes software around objects that combine state with operations. C++ supports classes, inheritance, and polymorphism without requiring every program to use them.
C++ templates: C++ templates define families of functions and types parameterized by types or values. Template instantiation enables generic code and compile-time computation.
C with Classes: C with Classes was an early language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup that added class mechanisms to C. It was the direct predecessor from which C++ developed.
Game engine: A game engine is software that provides reusable systems for creating and running video games. Many engines use C++ for performance-sensitive gameplay and rendering systems.
Generic programming: Generic programming expresses algorithms and data structures in terms of types and operations supplied later. C++ templates make generic algorithms and containers a central programming technique.
RAII: RAII ties resource ownership to object lifetime so construction acquires resources and destruction releases them. C++ destructors make deterministic cleanup possible when objects leave scope.

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