Chlorobenzene

Chlorobenzene is an aromatic organic compound with formula C₆H₅Cl, consisting of a benzene ring in which one hydrogen atom is replaced by chlorine.

Electrophilic aromatic substitution: A reaction family in which an electrophile replaces a hydrogen atom on an aromatic ring. Chlorobenzene undergoes this reaction family, though chlorine slows it relative to benzene.
Solvent: A substance that dissolves another substance to form a solution. Chlorobenzene has been used as a solvent for oils, resins, and other organic materials.
Groundwater contamination: The presence of pollutants in water held beneath Earth's surface. Chlorobenzene can reach groundwater through spills, leaks, and contaminated industrial sites.
Benzene: A six-carbon aromatic hydrocarbon with formula C₆H₆ and a planar ring structure. Replacing one benzene hydrogen with chlorine produces chlorobenzene.
Nucleophilic aromatic substitution: A reaction in which a nucleophile replaces a leaving group on an aromatic ring. Chlorobenzene can undergo substitution under demanding conditions or when its ring is suitably activated.
Pesticide: A substance used to prevent, destroy, or control pests. Chlorobenzene has served as a starting material in the manufacture of some pesticides.
Volatile organic compound: An organic chemical that readily vaporizes under ordinary environmental conditions. Chlorobenzene can evaporate into air, creating an inhalation exposure pathway.
Aromaticity: The unusual stability of cyclic, conjugated molecules with delocalized π electrons. Aromaticity stabilizes chlorobenzene's ring and shapes its reaction preferences.
Aryl halide: An organic compound in which a halogen is bonded directly to an aromatic ring. Chlorobenzene is the simplest monocyclic example of an aryl chloride.
Diphenyl sulfide: An organosulfur compound with two phenyl groups bonded to a sulfur atom. Chlorobenzene can be used as a precursor in routes to this industrial chemical.

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