Chromatic adaptation

Chromatic adaptation is the visual system's adjustment to the color of illumination, helping objects appear more stable in color under different lighting.

Cone cell: A retinal photoreceptor that responds to light and supports color vision. Differences among cone responses provide the signals that adaptation recalibrates.
Color afterimage: A perceived image in complementary colors that follows prolonged viewing of a colored stimulus. It exposes adaptation when the stimulus is removed and cone-channel balance remains shifted.
Chromatic aberration: An optical distortion in which a lens focuses different wavelengths at different positions. Unlike adaptation, it arises from the eye's optics rather than neural adjustment to illumination.
Color temperature: A measure describing the color appearance of a light source, often expressed in kelvins. Illuminant color temperature helps specify the change to which adaptation responds.
Partial adaptation: An adaptation state in which visual sensitivity adjusts incompletely to a changed stimulus or illuminant. Real observers often retain color casts rather than fully compensating for new lighting.
Opponent-process theory: A theory of color vision in which neural signals encode differences between opposing color channels. Opponent channels help explain how illumination changes can be discounted.
White balance: A camera adjustment that compensates for the color cast of illumination. It is a photographic analogue of adjusting color interpretation to the illuminant.
Color induction: A change in a region's perceived color caused by colors in its surrounding context. Induction depends on spatial context, whereas adaptation depends on prior or prevailing illumination.
CIECAM02: A CIE color appearance model for predicting color perception under specified viewing conditions. It includes adaptation calculations for converting stimulus values into appearance predictions.
Illuminant estimation: The visual or computational inference of the light source illuminating a scene. Adaptation depends on estimating illumination, a problem with no direct sensory measurement.

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