KnowraCivilianLinked fromLinked fromThe 8 pages that link to Civilian, each with the reason it gives.All 8Related 4Narrower topic 1Compared with 3Geneva ConventionsRelated: Civilian status underpins the Fourth Convention's protections during occupation and hostilities.Civilian casualtiesNarrower topic: Civilian status determines whose deaths and injuries are counted here.MercenaryCompared with: A civilian who directly participates in hostilities can lose protection from attack for that time.Nanjing MassacreRelated: Residents and refugees were among those attacked and killed.Distinction (international humanitarian law)Compared with: Civilian status is the personal category distinction protects from direct attack.Francis LieberRelated: Lieber’s rules distinguished civilians from combatants and addressed their treatment.Human shieldRelated: Civilian status remains distinct from the unlawful act of using someone as a shield.Military personnelCompared with: Civilian status is the basic distinction from military membership.