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The 30 pages that link to Climate change attribution, each with the reason it gives.

• Radiative forcingRelated: Estimated forcings help separate human influences from natural variability.

• Tropical cycloneRelated: It separates a cyclone’s natural variability from the influence of long-term warming.

• Global warmingRelated: Attribution research established that human influence explains the observed long-term warming.

• Growing seasonRelated: Attribution helps distinguish the causes of observed shifts in season length.

• Little Ice AgeRelated: Attribution separates the period’s volcanic, solar, oceanic, and internal climate influences.

• Heat waveRelated: It estimates how global warming has changed the odds of particular heat waves.

• Climate change in AfricaRelated: Attribution separates the human-driven warming signal from Africa’s strong natural climate variability.

• Climate modelingRelated: Model experiments compare observed changes with simulations including different possible causes.

• Climate projectionCompared with: Attribution explains past or present changes, whereas projections simulate possible future changes.

• Climate change and fisheriesRelated: Separating climate effects from fishing pressure and natural variability remains essential for stock assessments.

• Scientific explanationRelated: It evaluates explanations by comparing observed changes with causes and modeled alternatives.

• Pacific Decadal OscillationRelated: Attribution helps distinguish PDO-related fluctuations from long-term greenhouse warming.

• Climate riskRelated: Attribution distinguishes climate-driven changes in hazard from other causes.

• Climate scienceRelated: Attribution distinguishes human influence from natural variability.

• ClimatologyRelated: It connects measured trends to their causes using observations and model comparisons.

• Keeling CurveRelated: The curve supplies direct evidence of rising greenhouse-gas concentrations relevant to attribution.

• Charles David KeelingRelated: The measured carbon dioxide increase supplied evidence for identifying human causes of warming.

• Climate litigationRelated: Attribution research can help establish links between emissions, climate hazards, and claimed injuries.

• Climate normalRelated: Comparisons with older normals can illustrate change, though attribution needs more than a baseline comparison.

• Instrumental temperature recordRelated: Measured temperature changes are compared with expected natural and human influences.

• Year Without a SummerRelated: Researchers separate Tambora’s influence from natural variability and other eruptions.

• Anthropogenic climate changeBroader topic: Attribution research tests how strongly human influence explains observed warming and its effects.

• Climate systemRelated: Attribution separates human influences from natural variability in system behavior.

• James HansenRelated: Hansen’s work helped establish methods and evidence for attributing warming to human influence.

• Climate change in EuropeRelated: Attribution distinguishes human influence from natural variability in European extremes and trends.

• Katharine HayhoeRelated: Attribution distinguishes human-caused warming from natural variability in impact assessments.

• Climate change in IndiaRelated: Attribution helps assess the climate contribution to particular Indian floods, heat waves, and storms.

• Climate change in the Middle East and North AfricaRelated: Attribution helps distinguish climate influence from natural variability in regional extremes.

• Climate variability and changeRelated: Attribution separates human influence from natural variability in observed changes.

• History of climate change scienceBroader topic: Attribution methods converted evidence of warming into estimates of its causes.