Constantine II of Scotland

Constantine II was king of Alba from 900 to 943. His long reign strengthened the kingdom and helped establish political foundations for medieval Scotland.

Donald II of Scotland: Donald II was king of Alba from 889 to 900, immediately before Constantine II. His death in 900 brought Constantine to the throne.
Kingdom of Alba: The Kingdom of Alba was the early medieval Gaelic polity that became the kingdom of Scotland. Constantine's authority operated through this evolving kingdom.
Malcolm I of Scotland: Malcolm I was king of Alba from 943 to 954 and succeeded Constantine II. Constantine's retirement cleared the way for Malcolm's accession.
Chronicle of the Kings of Alba: The Chronicle of the Kings of Alba is a medieval king-list and narrative covering rulers of Alba and Scotland. It records Constantine's reign, campaigns, and retirement.
Áed of Scotland: Áed was king of the Picts in the late ninth century and a member of the ruling dynasty. His place in the dynasty helps frame Constantine's disputed early ancestry.
Battle of Brunanburh: The Battle of Brunanburh was a major 937 victory by Æthelstan's forces over a coalition led by Constantine II and Olaf Guthfrithson. The defeat exposed the limits of Constantine's military coalition.
St Andrews: St Andrews is a town in eastern Scotland and a major center of medieval Scottish Christianity. Constantine retired to the religious community at St Andrews.
Annals of Ulster: The Annals of Ulster are a medieval Irish chronicle recording events in Ireland and Britain. Their entries provide a contemporary-style record of Constantine's political world.
Alba: Alba was the medieval Gaelic kingdom that developed into the kingdom of Scotland. It was the realm Constantine ruled and helped consolidate.
Olaf Guthfrithson: Olaf Guthfrithson was a Norse-Gael ruler of Dublin who allied with Constantine II against the English king Æthelstan. Their alliance joined Alba and Dublin against English expansion.

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Kenneth MacAlpinRelated: His long reign helped consolidate the dynasty later traced to Kenneth.