Constitution of the United States

The supreme law of the United States, establishing the federal government’s structure, powers, and limits and protecting individual rights.

Preamble to the United States Constitution: The Constitution’s opening statement of purposes, beginning with “We the People.” It states the purposes used to frame the Constitution’s authority and ambitions.
United States Congress: The federal legislature of the United States, composed of the Senate and House of Representatives. Article I gives Congress legislative powers and defines its composition.
Articles of Confederation: The first constitution of the United States, in force from 1781 until 1789. Its weak central government shaped the case for replacing it with the Constitution.
Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution: The 1868 amendment establishing national citizenship, due process, and equal protection guarantees. Its guarantees became central tools for applying constitutional rights against state governments.
Articles of the United States Constitution: The Constitution’s seven original divisions, establishing government institutions and procedures. They provide the original structural framework for federal government.
President of the United States: The head of the executive branch and head of state of the United States. Article II establishes the presidency and assigns executive responsibilities.
Constitutional Convention (United States): The 1787 convention in Philadelphia that drafted the United States Constitution. Delegates transformed a proposal to revise the Articles into a new national charter.
Marbury v. Madison: The 1803 Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in the United States. It made constitutional interpretation a basis for invalidating federal legislation.
Bill of Rights: The first ten amendments to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1791. These amendments set out central protections for individual liberty.
Supreme Court of the United States: The highest federal court in the United States. Article III establishes the federal judiciary, whose highest court interprets constitutional disputes.

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