Digital cinematography

Digital cinematography captures moving images with electronic image sensors and records them as digital data rather than exposing motion-picture film stock.

Image sensor: A device that converts incoming light into electrical signals to form an image. Its photosites measure the light that becomes each captured frame.
Pixel: A discrete picture element that represents a sample of color or brightness in a digital image. Sensor photosites and image pixels are related but not always identical.
Photographic film: A light-sensitive material that records images through chemical changes in an emulsion. It is the principal recording medium digital cinematography replaces.
Digital cinema camera: A camera designed to capture high-quality digital moving images for film and television production. It is the dedicated tool most closely associated with digital cinematography.
Digital cinematography in the 2000s: The period when digital cameras and workflows became increasingly practical for professional filmmaking. Advances in sensors and recording systems accelerated the shift from film during this decade.
CMOS: Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor technology used to build image sensors and other integrated circuits. CMOS sensors are widely used in digital cinema cameras.
Color filter array: An arrangement of colored filters over sensor photosites that enables color imaging. Most single-sensor cameras infer full-color pixels from filtered measurements.
Film grain: Visible texture produced by the distribution of light-sensitive crystals in photographic film. Its organic structure differs from digital sensor noise and fixed pixel patterns.
ARRI Alexa: A family of digital cinema cameras made by ARRI and introduced in 2010. Its use in major productions helped establish digital capture in feature filmmaking.
Film preservation: The conservation and restoration of motion-picture works and their physical or digital records. Digital masters offer access and duplication, but do not remove long-term preservation challenges.

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