Dorgon

Dorgon (1612–1650) was a Manchu prince of the Aisin Gioro clan who served as regent for the Shunzhi Emperor. He led Qing forces into Beijing in 1644 and helped establish Qing rule over China.

Battle of Shanhai Pass: A 1644 battle in which Qing forces and Wu Sangui’s troops defeated Li Zicheng’s army at Shanhai Pass. Dorgon allied with Wu Sangui and led the Qing advance through the pass toward Beijing.
Nurhaci: The founder of the Later Jin state and the first major ruler to unite the Jurchen groups later known as Manchus. Dorgon was Nurhaci’s son and inherited a place in the ruling Aisin Gioro family.
Wu Sangui: A Ming general who opened Shanhai Pass to Qing forces in 1644 and later rebelled against Qing rule. His alliance with Dorgon enabled Qing entry through the pass and the capture of Beijing.
Qing dynasty: The last imperial dynasty of China, founded by Manchu rulers and lasting from 1636 to 1912. Dorgon helped turn its entry into Beijing into durable rule over China.
Qing conquest of the Ming: The military and political process by which the Qing dynasty replaced the Ming dynasty in China. Dorgon directed the conquest’s decisive early phase after Qing forces entered Beijing.
Hong Taiji: A Manchu ruler who expanded the Later Jin state and renamed it the Qing dynasty in 1636. Dorgon’s half-brother became emperor before him and left a contested succession in 1643.
Dorgon’s regency: The period from 1643 to 1650 when Dorgon governed the Qing empire as regent for the Shunzhi Emperor. It captures the offices, court rivalries, and governing authority he accumulated.
Qing rule in China: The Qing dynasty’s governance of China from its conquest of Beijing in 1644 until its fall in 1912. Dorgon established early institutions and policies for Qing government in the former Ming capital.
Shunzhi Emperor: The third Qing emperor, who ruled from 1644 to 1661 and began his reign as a child under regents. Dorgon governed in the young emperor’s name and shaped the first years of his reign.
Aisin Gioro: The imperial clan that ruled the Qing dynasty from its foundation through its fall in 1912. Dorgon’s dynastic rank and political claims came from this ruling lineage.

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