Emma Goldman

Emma Goldman (1869–1940) was a Lithuanian-born American anarchist, writer, and lecturer whose advocacy joined opposition to state power with campaigns for free speech, labor rights, birth control, and women’s freedom.

Alexander Berkman: Anarchist writer and activist who was Goldman’s lifelong companion and a fellow organizer. Their partnership shaped Goldman’s activism, publishing, and personal life.
Anarchism: A political tradition opposing coercive hierarchy and advocating voluntary forms of social organization. Goldman’s campaigns and arguments drew their organizing principles from anarchism.
Russian Empire: A vast Eurasian monarchy ruled by the Romanov dynasty until the Russian Revolution of 1917. Goldman grew up under its rule in a Jewish family in the Lithuanian region.
Living My Life: Emma Goldman’s two-volume autobiography, published in 1931. Her memoir remains a major firsthand account of radical movements and her own political development.
Johann Most: German-American anarchist editor and orator who advocated revolutionary violence. Most mentored Goldman in New York before she broke with his political influence.
Mother Earth: An anarchist journal published in New York from 1906 to 1917, edited by Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman. Goldman used this magazine to develop and circulate anarchist ideas.
Haymarket affair: The 1886 Chicago labor protest and bombing followed by the trial and execution of anarchist leaders. News of the executed anarchists helped draw Goldman toward anarchism after she emigrated.
Anarchism and Other Essays: Emma Goldman’s 1910 collection of essays on anarchism, marriage, prisons, and other social questions. The essays present her case for linking political freedom with personal and sexual freedom.
Voltairine de Cleyre: American anarchist writer and lecturer associated with individualist and later nonresistant anarchism. De Cleyre shared Goldman’s anarchism while developing a distinct American voice.
Free Speech League: An American organization formed in 1902 to defend freedom of expression, especially for political radicals. Goldman joined its campaigns as police repeatedly tried to silence her lectures.

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