Knowra First Carlist War First Carlist War The First Carlist War was a Spanish civil war fought from 1833 to 1840 between supporters of Isabella II and liberal regency and supporters of her uncle, Carlos María Isidro.
Carlist movement : A Spanish traditionalist movement supporting the Bourbon line descended from Carlos María Isidro and defending Catholicism, monarchy, and regional fueros. It supplied the insurgents’ political cause and survived the war’s military defeat.
Ferdinand VII of Spain : King of Spain from 1814 to 1833 whose final succession arrangements enabled his daughter Isabella to inherit the throne. His death and succession decree triggered the rival claims.
María Cristina of the Two Sicilies : Queen consort of Spain who served as regent for her daughter Isabella II from 1833 to 1840. Her regency governed the liberal coalition during the war’s opening years.
Basque Provinces : The historic territories of Álava, Biscay, and Gipuzkoa in northern Spain. They became a principal Carlist stronghold, where defense of regional fueros reinforced support.
Second Carlist War : A Spanish conflict fought chiefly in Catalonia from 1846 to 1849, driven by Carlist dynastic claims and opposition to the liberal state. It renewed Carlist armed resistance after the First Carlist War’s settlement.
Isabella II of Spain : Queen of Spain from 1833 to 1868, whose succession was challenged by her uncle Carlos María Isidro. Her disputed succession defined the rival claim at the war’s center.
Pragmatic Sanction of 1830 : A Spanish decree that restored female succession to the throne, allowing Ferdinand VII’s daughter Isabella to inherit. It excluded Carlos María Isidro from succession and sharpened the dynastic dispute.
Tomás de Zumalacárregui : Carlist general who organized and led the movement’s northern forces until his death in 1835. His command built the northern Carlist army into a formidable force.
Navarre : A historic region in northern Spain with distinct provincial institutions and fueros. Its Carlist forces and institutions formed a major northern theater of war.
Third Carlist War : A Spanish civil war fought from 1872 to 1876 between supporters of Carlos VII and the government of Amadeo I, the First Republic, and Alfonso XII. It was the largest later attempt to secure the Carlist claim by force.
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