Flute

A woodwind instrument in which an air jet directed across an opening creates sound. Its pitch changes as keys open or close holes along the tube.

Edge tone: A tone produced when an oscillating air jet alternately strikes opposite sides of an edge. The player’s air jet strikes the embouchure edge to start the flute’s sound.
Headjoint: The upper section of a transverse flute, containing the embouchure hole and often a tuning cork. The headjoint houses the opening that initiates sound and supports tuning.
Paleolithic flute: A prehistoric flute made from bone or ivory, among the oldest known musical instruments. These artifacts show that flute-like instruments predate written history.
Piccolo: A small transverse flute that sounds an octave higher than the standard concert flute. It shares the flute’s basic mechanism while extending its register upward.
Western concert flute: The standard metal transverse flute used in Western orchestras and ensembles. This is the flute form most commonly meant in orchestral settings.
Embouchure: The shaping and positioning of the lips and mouth used to produce sound on a wind instrument. Lip shape and aim control the jet entering the flute’s embouchure hole.
Flute body: The main tube of a flute, bearing most of its tone holes and keywork. Its length and holes establish the instrument’s playable pitches.
Shakuhachi: A Japanese end-blown bamboo flute associated with traditions including Zen Buddhist meditation. Its end-blown design contrasts with the transverse concert flute.
Recorder: A duct flute in which a block channels air against an edge to produce sound. Unlike the concert flute, the recorder directs the air internally through a duct.
Flute concerto: A concerto that features a flute soloist with orchestral or other ensemble accompaniment. The instrument’s agility and tonal range suit virtuosic solo writing.

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