Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola

Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola was an Italian Renaissance architect and architectural theorist. His designs for the Church of the Gesù and his treatise The Five Orders of Architecture shaped later architecture.

Classical orders: The systems of architectural forms and proportions associated with ancient Greek and Roman buildings. Vignola organized his architectural treatise around these inherited systems.
Church of the Gesù: The Jesuit mother church in Rome, begun in 1568 and designed chiefly by Vignola and Giacomo della Porta. Vignola designed its influential plan and began its construction.
Jacopo Barozzi da Vignola: The birth name of the architect commonly known as Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola. It clarifies the variation between his formal name and the name used in architectural history.
The Five Orders of Architecture: Vignola’s illustrated treatise prescribing proportions for the five classical architectural orders. It made his proportional system accessible to architects and builders across Europe.
Doric order: A classical architectural order characterized by sturdy columns and simple capitals. It is one of the five orders whose proportions Vignola codified.
Villa Giulia: A Renaissance villa in Rome built for Pope Julius III, with contributions from several architects including Vignola. Its courtyard and garden architecture display Vignola’s work for Julius III.
Vignola: A town in Emilia-Romagna, Italy, where Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola was born. His commonly used name derives from his birthplace.
Jesuit architecture: Architecture associated with the Society of Jesus, especially its churches, schools, and missions. The Gesù’s layout became a widely influential model for Jesuit churches.
Ionic order: A classical architectural order distinguished by capitals with paired spiral volutes. Vignola gave this order a measured, reproducible form in his treatise.
Villa Farnese: A monumental pentagonal palace and fortress in Caprarola, designed principally by Vignola for the Farnese family. Vignola’s major commission combines a distinctive plan with formal Renaissance architecture.

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Giacomo della PortaRelated: Vignola designed Il Gesù before Della Porta completed its façade.