Hundred Days

The Hundred Days was the period from Napoleon Bonaparte’s return from exile in March 1815 to his defeat at Waterloo and second abdication in June.

Napoleon’s escape from Elba: Napoleon Bonaparte left exile on Elba and landed in France on 1 March 1815. His landing began the return that triggered the Hundred Days.
Treaty of Fontainebleau (1814): The Treaty of Fontainebleau was the 1814 agreement that ended Napoleon’s rule and sent him into exile on Elba. It created the exile from which Napoleon returned in 1815.
Second Treaty of Paris: The Second Treaty of Paris was the 1815 settlement imposed on France after Napoleon’s defeat at Waterloo. It imposed harsher terms than the 1814 treaty after the Hundred Days.
Bourbon Restoration: The Bourbon Restoration was the re-establishment of the Bourbon dynasty in France from 1814 to 1830. It resumed after the Hundred Days and opposed Napoleon’s revived imperial government.
Route Napoléon: The Route Napoléon is the route through southeastern France taken by Napoleon after landing from Elba in 1815. Napoleon followed this route toward Grenoble as support for his return grew.
First Bourbon Restoration: The First Bourbon Restoration was the return of the Bourbon monarchy in France after Napoleon’s abdication in 1814. Its brief and contested rule preceded Napoleon’s comeback.
White Terror (1815): The White Terror was the 1815 wave of royalist reprisals against suspected supporters of Napoleon in France. Napoleon’s return and defeat intensified royalist retaliation against his supporters.
First French Empire: The First French Empire was Napoleon Bonaparte’s imperial regime, which lasted from 1804 to 1814 and briefly returned in 1815. The Hundred Days were its final, short-lived restoration.
Louis XVIII: Louis XVIII was king of France from 1814 to 1824, except during Napoleon’s return in 1815. His flight from Paris marked the collapse of the Bourbon restoration during Napoleon’s advance.
Congress of Vienna: The Congress of Vienna was the 1814–1815 diplomatic conference that reshaped Europe after the Napoleonic Wars. Its negotiations continued during the crisis and shaped the allied response.

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