Iberian War

The Iberian War was a conflict between the Byzantine and Sasanian empires from 526 to 532, fought mainly in the Caucasian kingdom of Iberia. It ended with a negotiated peace that left Iberia under Sasanian control.

Kingdom of Iberia: An ancient Caucasian kingdom centered on eastern Georgia, known in Persian sources as Kartli. Its revolt against Sasanian rule drew both empires into the conflict.
Treaty of Dara: A peace agreement concluded in 562 between the Byzantine Empire and the Sasanian Empire. It later replaced the truce established after the Iberian War.
Justinian I: A Byzantine emperor who ruled from 527 to 565 and sought to restore Roman imperial power. He inherited the war and negotiated its settlement.
Byzantine–Sasanian frontier: The shifting boundary and contested borderlands between the Byzantine and Sasanian empires. The war’s peace preserved a tense frontier rather than resolving imperial rivalry.
Byzantine–Sasanian rivalry: The long contest for territory and influence between the Byzantine and Sasanian empires. The Iberian conflict was one front in this broader imperial struggle.
Treaty of Nisibis: A 298 agreement that settled a Roman–Sasanian war and defined parts of their frontier. Its legacy shaped the imperial borderlands in which the Iberian War unfolded.
Belisarius: A Byzantine general who served under Justinian I in wars across the empire. His early campaigns against Persia overlapped with the Iberian War.
Byzantine–Sasanian War of 572–591: A major war between the Byzantine and Sasanian empires from 572 to 591. It continued competition over the Caucasus and the eastern frontier.
Gurgen of Iberia: A sixth-century king of Iberia who resisted Sasanian authority and sought Byzantine support. His rebellion helped trigger the war.
Caucasian Albania: An ancient kingdom in the eastern Caucasus, distinct from the Balkan region of the same name. Its strategic location made it another focus of Byzantine–Sasanian competition.

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