Ibn Saud

Ibn Saud (1875–1953) unified much of the Arabian Peninsula under his rule and founded the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1932, serving as its first king.

Riyadh: The capital of Saudi Arabia, located in the central Arabian Peninsula. Ibn Saud recaptured Riyadh in 1902, establishing the base for his expansion.
Battle of Riyadh: The 1902 battle in which Ibn Saud seized Riyadh from the Rashidi dynasty. This capture began the campaign that restored Saudi power in central Arabia.
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A sovereign state occupying most of the Arabian Peninsula, established in 1932. Ibn Saud proclaimed the kingdom and became its first monarch.
Abdulaziz bin Saud: The birth name commonly used for Ibn Saud, founder and first king of Saudi Arabia. This name identifies the same ruler in sources that distinguish personal name from royal epithet.
House of Saud: The dynasty that has ruled Saudi Arabia since its founding in 1932. Ibn Saud restored his family’s rule and made its dynasty the kingdom’s ruling house.
Conquest of the Hejaz: The Saudi military campaign that brought the Hejaz under Ibn Saud’s control in 1924–1925. Taking the Hejaz extended Ibn Saud’s rule to Mecca, Medina, and the Red Sea coast.
Saudi oil industry: The extraction and export of petroleum that became central to Saudi Arabia’s economy. Oil was discovered during Ibn Saud’s reign, transforming the kingdom’s future finances.
Abdullah bin Jiluwi: A Saudi prince and military commander who helped Ibn Saud capture Riyadh and administer the eastern province. His military and administrative service supported Ibn Saud’s expansion and consolidation.
Emirate of Nejd: A Saudi state in central Arabia that existed from 1921 to 1926. Ibn Saud ruled Nejd before extending his authority across the peninsula.
Battle of Sabilla: The 1929 battle in which Ibn Saud’s forces defeated the Ikhwan rebellion. The victory ended organized resistance to his centralizing rule.

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