Knowra Induced demand Induced demand Induced demand is an increase in travel caused by expanded transport capacity or improved access. It can arise through changes in route, timing, destination, travel mode, or whether a trip is made.
Travel demand : The quantity of travel people are willing and able to make under given conditions. Capacity changes alter the generalized cost of travel, shifting how much travel people choose.
Traffic congestion : A condition in which traffic demand approaches or exceeds a transport network's capacity, slowing movement. Induced travel can absorb new capacity and restore congestion after an initial improvement.
Anthony Downs : An American economist and political scientist known for work on urban policy and transportation. His 1962 account described how rush-hour traffic expands to fill available road space.
Latent demand : Unmet demand for a service or facility that becomes expressed when access or conditions improve. It overlaps with induced demand but emphasizes previously suppressed demand rather than all resulting trip growth.
Generalized cost of transportation : The combined monetary, time, reliability, and effort costs of a trip. Expanded capacity often lowers travel time, making additional trips worthwhile.
Fundamental diagram of traffic flow : A relationship among traffic density, flow, and speed on a road. It explains how extra vehicles can reduce speeds once traffic approaches road capacity.
Downs–Thomson paradox : The proposition that road congestion can stabilize at a level shaped by the speed of public transport alternatives. It connected road capacity, travel choices, and transit performance in early congestion analysis.
Generated traffic : Additional vehicle trips attributable to a change in transport supply or cost. This term often names the measurable traffic increase associated with induced demand.
Route choice : The process by which travelers select among available paths between origins and destinations. Some traffic growth follows when travelers switch onto a newly improved route.
Road widening : The addition of lanes or roadway width to increase a road's vehicle capacity. It is a common intervention associated with induced increases in driving.
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