KnowraInstrumental variableLinked fromLinked fromThe 13 pages that link to Instrumental variable, each with the reason it gives.All 13Broader topic 1Related 10Compared with 2Causal inferenceRelated: It can isolate treatment variation when unmeasured confounding prevents ordinary comparisons.ConfoundingRelated: An instrument can isolate treatment variation that is not linked to confounders.Observational studyRelated: Instrumental-variable analysis can address some unmeasured confounding under demanding assumptions.Natural experimentRelated: Some natural experiments use an external event as an instrument for exposure.Quasi-experimentRelated: It can address treatment selection when its assumptions are defensible.Econometric modelRelated: Instruments can identify relationships when regressors are correlated with the error term.Cowles CommissionRelated: The method addresses endogeneity central to estimating simultaneous economic equations.Trygve HaavelmoRelated: This method addresses the endogeneity problems that arise in structural economic equations.Lars Peter HansenRelated: Instrumental-variable estimators can be expressed as special cases of GMM.Correlation does not imply causationRelated: Instrumental-variable analysis can address confounding when randomization is unavailable.