Linked from

The 28 pages that link to Internal energy, each with the reason it gives.

• TemperatureRelated: Temperature relates to internal energy, but the two quantities are not interchangeable.

• Gibbs free energyCompared with: Unlike Gibbs free energy, it is the natural potential for isolated systems at fixed volume and entropy.

• First law of thermodynamicsRelated: Its change is the quantity the first law accounts for.

• Thermal equilibriumRelated: Internal energy changes as systems exchange heat on their way to equilibrium.

• EnthalpyCompared with: Enthalpy differs from internal energy by the pressure–volume term.

• Latent heatRelated: Phase changes alter internal energy even when temperature does not rise.

• Specific heat capacityRelated: Heating changes a substance’s internal energy as well as its measured temperature.

• Heat capacityRelated: Heating changes internal energy, though some supplied heat may perform work.

• Adiabatic processRelated: Its change accounts for work-driven temperature changes in adiabatic processes.

• Thermal energyNarrower topic: Thermal energy is commonly treated as a contribution to this broader energy account.

• Joule–Thomson effectRelated: Changes in molecular interaction energy help account for the temperature shift at constant enthalpy.

• Thermodynamic potentialBroader topic: It is the basic energy function from which the standard potentials are constructed.

• State functionBroader topic: Its change is fixed by the initial and final states, even when heat and work vary by path.

• Work (thermodynamics)Compared with: Unlike internal energy, work describes energy in transit rather than a stored state property.

• Elastic scatteringRelated: Unchanged internal energy distinguishes elastic events from excitation or de-excitation.

• Free energyRelated: It is the energy term retained in Helmholtz free energy before entropy is accounted for.

• State variableRelated: It is a state variable that can be related to temperature and volume.

• Otto cycleRelated: For an ideal gas, temperature changes track the internal-energy changes across the cycle.

• Helmholtz free energyRelated: It is the energy term from which the entropy-weighted contribution is subtracted.

• Isolated systemRelated: It can change form internally even when total energy cannot cross the boundary.

• Mechanical energyNarrower topic: It captures energy excluded from a system's macroscopic mechanical total.

• Quasistatic processRelated: Its change links heat and work along a quasistatic path through the first law.

• Fundamental thermodynamic relationRelated: The relation expresses how this energy changes when the system’s state changes.

• ThermochemistryRelated: Its change connects heat and work through the first law of thermodynamics.

• Intensive and extensive propertiesRelated: Internal energy scales with system size for comparable equilibrium states.

• Thermodynamic free energyCompared with: Internal energy includes energy unavailable for work because of entropy and imposed constraints.

• Internal pressureNarrower topic: Internal pressure measures how this energy changes when volume changes at fixed temperature.

• Laws of thermodynamicsRelated: Its change is linked to heat and work by the first law.