Linked from

The 50 pages that link to International trade, each with the reason it gives.

• GlobalizationRelated: Trade links production and consumption across countries, making supply chains internationally interdependent.

• Global value chainNarrower topic: Trade records cross-border exchanges, while chain analysis traces the activities behind them.

• Consumer surplusRelated: Trade can expand consumer surplus by lowering prices and increasing available choices.

• Foreign direct investmentCompared with: Trade serves foreign markets through cross-border sales; FDI can establish production inside them.

• Comparative advantageNarrower topic: Comparative advantage is a central explanation for specialization and exchange between countries.

• InternationalismRelated: Trade creates cross-border ties, though economic interdependence does not itself ensure solidarity.

• Foreign exchange marketRelated: Importers and exporters exchange currencies to make and receive international payments.

• Economic historyRelated: Trade links domestic economic change to markets, specialization, and global integration.

• Belt and Road InitiativeNarrower topic: The initiative aims to lower transport barriers and expand cross-border commerce.

• Economic developmentRelated: Trade can expand markets and expose domestic producers to competition and global production networks.

• Foreign aidCompared with: Trade is generally an exchange between buyers and sellers, rather than assistance from a donor.

• Producer surplusRelated: Trade changes prices and output, creating gains for some producers and losses for others.

• MetricationRelated: Common units reduce measurement barriers when products move between metricated markets.

• Border controlNarrower topic: Border procedures determine how traded goods are declared, inspected, and released.

• Bretton Woods ConferenceNarrower topic: The conference treated stable payments and currency arrangements as foundations for expanding postwar trade.

• OffshoringNarrower topic: Offshoring changes where production occurs and how cross-border trade is organized.

• AutarkyCompared with: It is the cross-border exchange that autarky seeks to minimize.

• Gravity modelRelated: Trade gravity models relate bilateral trade to economic size and geographic or policy frictions.

• Terms of tradeNarrower topic: Terms of trade describe the relative prices within cross-border exchange.

• Global North and Global SouthNarrower topic: Trade connects countries while distributing gains and bargaining power unevenly.

• Production–possibility frontierRelated: Trade can let an economy consume beyond its own production frontier.

• Smoot–Hawley Tariff ActNarrower topic: The act's effects were felt through changes in cross-border commerce.

• Global justiceRelated: Trade rules distribute gains and risks among workers, consumers, and states.

• International businessNarrower topic: It is the trade component of the broader field, which also includes foreign investment and overseas operations.

• Economic equilibriumRelated: Trade models use equilibrium to explain specialization, prices, and cross-border flows.

• Trade (commerce)Broader topic: It is the cross-border form of trade, shaped by national policies and currencies.

• Bertil OhlinNarrower topic: Ohlin’s best-known theoretical contributions explain patterns of this broader phenomenon.

• International political economyRelated: Trade creates gains, dependencies, and disputes that governments negotiate.

• Voluntary exchangeRelated: Cross-border commerce consists of exchanges shaped by contracts, prices, and trade rules.

• Economic globalizationBroader topic: Trade is the most visible channel through which national markets become interdependent.

• Port of HamburgNarrower topic: The port is a physical gateway for Germany’s participation in global trade.

• Port of Ningbo-ZhoushanNarrower topic: The port links Chinese producers and consumers to overseas markets.

• Wassily LeontiefRelated: Input–output tables reveal how imported inputs connect domestic industries to global production.

• International yard and poundRelated: Shared unit definitions reduce ambiguity in specifications and transactions involving customary measures.

• Port of BusanNarrower topic: The port provides South Korea with a major maritime connection to overseas markets.

• Eli HeckscherNarrower topic: Heckscher’s trade theory explains patterns in this broader economic activity.

• Paul KrugmanNarrower topic: It is the broader field in which Krugman’s trade theories explain patterns conventional models missed.

• Pound sterlingRelated: Sterling can price UK exports and imports, while exchange movements alter their costs.

• CommerceBroader topic: It extends commerce across different currencies, legal systems, and markets.

• International Chamber of CommerceNarrower topic: The ICC was created to support this activity through common rules and business representation.

• International orderRelated: Trade rules and institutions are among the order’s most visible economic effects.

• James MeadeNarrower topic: Meade’s Nobel-recognized research developed formal explanations of trade and its effects.

• Lissachatina fulicaRelated: Trade in plants, soil, and cargo can transport snails and their eggs.

• Richard CantillonRelated: Cantillon analyzed how trade balances and money flows influence a country’s wealth.

• Sister cityRelated: Some partnerships use municipal contacts to introduce businesses and encourage trade.

• World economyBroader topic: Cross-border trade connects producers and consumers in different national economies.

• Arab Mashreq International Road NetworkRelated: Cross-border highways can reduce the time and friction involved in regional goods movement.

• Developed countryRelated: Trade rules and negotiations often distinguish developed economies from developing ones.

• Hard currencyRelated: Exporters and importers often invoice or settle transactions in widely accepted currencies.

• Post–World War II economic expansionNarrower topic: Expanding trade connected national recoveries to a broader growth cycle.