Ionic conductivity

Ionic conductivity is electrical conduction carried by mobile positive or negative ions. Its magnitude depends on the number of mobile ions and how rapidly they move through a material.

Nernst–Einstein equation: A relation connecting ionic conductivity to ion concentration and diffusion coefficients under assumptions about independent ion motion. It estimates conductivity from ion diffusion, while correlated motion can make the estimate inaccurate.
Ionic charge carrier: An ion whose movement through a material contributes to electrical current. The number, charge, and identity of these carriers set the available ionic charge transport.
Solid-state battery: A battery that uses a solid electrolyte instead of a liquid electrolyte. Its solid electrolyte must conduct ions efficiently while limiting electronic leakage.
Electronic conductivity: Electrical conductivity carried by electrons or holes. It is the principal alternative carrier mechanism and can cause unwanted leakage in electrolytes.
Ionic mobility: The drift velocity of an ion per unit applied electric field. Mobility links an applied field to the directed motion that carries ionic current.
Point defect: A localized departure from the regular atomic arrangement in a crystal. Vacancies and interstitial defects provide sites and pathways for ions to move.
Lithium-ion battery: A rechargeable battery that stores and releases energy through lithium-ion transfer between electrodes. Ionic conduction through the electrolyte enables lithium ions to shuttle between electrodes.
Mixed ionic-electronic conductor: A material that conducts both ions and electronic charge carriers. It combines the transport channels that pure ionic conductivity distinguishes.
Ionic diffusion: The net spreading of ions caused by random thermal motion and concentration gradients. Diffusion and field-driven motion are connected in the transport relations used to describe conductivity.
Vacancy diffusion: Atomic or ionic motion through a solid by successive jumps into vacant lattice sites. Many crystalline conductors transport ions when neighboring vacancies enable repeated jumps.

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