John Garang

John Garang de Mabior (1945–2005) was a Sudanese rebel leader and politician who led the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement and helped secure South Sudan’s path to independence.

Salva Kiir Mayardit: A South Sudanese politician who succeeded Garang as leader of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement and later became president. He took over the movement after Garang’s death and led South Sudan after independence.
Second Sudanese Civil War: A war fought in Sudan from 1983 to 2005 between the government and southern rebel forces. Garang’s movement emerged at the war’s outbreak and became its leading southern force.
Comprehensive Peace Agreement: The 2005 agreement between Sudan’s government and the SPLM/A that ended the second civil war and set terms for southern self-determination. Garang signed the agreement as the SPLM/A’s leader shortly before his death.
Anya-Nya: A southern Sudanese insurgency that fought the central government during the first Sudanese civil war, from 1955 to 1972. It represents the earlier rebellion whose 1972 settlement preceded Garang’s movement.
Riek Machar: A South Sudanese politician and former rebel leader who held senior roles in the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement and government. His break with Garang’s movement shaped the southern rebellion’s internal divisions.
Sudan People’s Liberation Movement: A Sudanese political movement founded in 1983 to challenge central government rule and seek a transformed Sudan. Garang founded and led this movement, which also directed its armed wing.
John Garang’s death: The death of Sudanese vice president John Garang in a helicopter crash on 30 July 2005, weeks after his appointment. His sudden death tested the peace agreement and prompted Salva Kiir’s succession.
Addis Ababa Agreement: A 1972 agreement that ended Sudan’s first civil war by granting southern Sudan regional autonomy. Unlike Garang’s later peace settlement, it did not provide a referendum on independence.
Joseph Lagu: A Sudanese military officer and politician who led the Anya-Nya insurgency and helped negotiate the 1972 Addis Ababa Agreement. His earlier southern insurgency and settlement formed part of the political legacy Garang inherited.
Sudan People’s Liberation Army: The armed wing of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement, which fought Sudanese government forces during the civil wars. Garang commanded the army that sustained the movement’s rebellion.

Linked from 10 pages