Jōkyū War

The Jōkyū War was a 1221 conflict in which retired Emperor Go-Toba’s forces rebelled against the Kamakura shogunate. The shogunate’s victory expanded its control over Japan.

Kamakura shogunate: Japan’s first durable military government, established by the Minamoto in Kamakura in the late twelfth century. Its forces defeated Go-Toba’s coalition and imposed direct rule across much of western Japan.
Rokuhara Tandai: A Kamakura shogunate institution based in Kyoto that supervised western Japan and monitored the imperial court. Its expanded postwar role made shogunal supervision of Kyoto more permanent.
Genpei War: A war from 1180 to 1185 between the Taira and Minamoto clans that ended with Minamoto victory and a new military order. The Minamoto victory created the political settlement Go-Toba later sought to overturn.
Battle of Uji: A 1221 battle near Kyoto in which shogunate forces crossed the Uji River during the campaign against Go-Toba’s forces. The crossing opened the shogunate’s advance toward the imperial capital.
Hōjō Masako’s speech of 1221: A reported address in which Hōjō Masako urged Kamakura retainers to remain loyal during the crisis of 1221. Its transmission and wording raise questions about how the shogunate rallied its supporters.
Emperor Go-Toba: A Japanese emperor who abdicated in 1198 and later led the 1221 rebellion against the Kamakura shogunate. His court mobilized the revolt through an imperial order calling for the shogunate’s overthrow.
Jōkyū Disturbance: An alternate English name for the 1221 conflict between Go-Toba’s forces and the Kamakura shogunate. This name emphasizes the political upheaval rather than the military campaign.
Minamoto no Yoritomo: The founder of the Kamakura shogunate and Japan’s first shogun appointed by the imperial court. His military government established the shogunate whose power Go-Toba challenged.
Battle of Setagawa: A 1221 battle near Kyoto in which Kamakura forces defeated troops loyal to Go-Toba. Its outcome helped clear the way for the shogunate’s victory in Kyoto.
Medieval Japanese historiography: The study of historical writing produced in Japan during the medieval period. Accounts of the rebellion differ in how they portray Go-Toba’s motives and the shogunate’s response.

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