Linked from
The 22 pages that link to Kalman filter, each with the reason it gives.
Least squaresRelated: Its updates produce least-squares estimates under a linear Gaussian model.
Time seriesRelated: It updates estimates as each new time-series observation arrives.
CovarianceRelated: It propagates covariance matrices to track uncertainty in states and estimates.
Parameter estimationRelated: Its state and noise parameters are often learned from time-series data.
Missile guidanceRelated: State estimates help guidance systems handle uncertain sensor measurements.