Kuomintang

The Kuomintang is a Chinese nationalist political party founded in 1919. It governed the Republic of China on the mainland until 1949 and has governed Taiwan during much of its modern history.

Tongmenghui: A revolutionary alliance founded by Sun Yat-sen in 1905 that helped overthrow the Qing dynasty. The Kuomintang developed from this alliance and its revolutionary movement.
Whampoa Military Academy: A military academy founded in 1924 near Guangzhou to train officers for the National Revolutionary Army. Its officers formed a core of the Kuomintang's military leadership.
Chiang Kai-shek: A Chinese military and political leader who headed the Kuomintang for much of the twentieth century. His leadership shaped the party's mainland government, retreat, and rule in Taiwan.
Chinese Civil War: The armed conflict between the Kuomintang and Chinese Communist Party, renewed after the Second World War and ending in 1949. The party's defeat forced its government and forces to retreat to Taiwan.
Xinhai Revolution: The 1911 revolution that ended Qing rule and established the Republic of China. It created the republic that the Kuomintang later sought to govern and unify.
Northern Expedition: A military campaign from 1926 to 1928 that brought much of China under the Nationalist government. It established Kuomintang-led national government after years of warlord rule.
Wang Jingwei: A Chinese politician who led a Kuomintang faction and later headed a Japanese-sponsored government during the Second Sino-Japanese War. His break with Chiang exposed divisions within the party during wartime.
Taiwan Strait: The body of water separating Taiwan from mainland China. The strait became the frontier between the rival governments after 1949.
Sun Yat-sen: A Chinese revolutionary and political leader who helped found the Republic of China and the Kuomintang. He founded the party and supplied its early political program.
National Revolutionary Army: The military force organized by the Kuomintang to unify China and defend its government. It carried out the party's campaigns on the mainland and fought Japan.

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