Knowra Liquefied natural gas Liquefied natural gas Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas cooled to about −162 °C, making it a liquid composed mainly of methane. Liquefaction greatly reduces its volume for storage and transport.
Natural gas processing : Industrial treatment that removes water, acid gases, heavier hydrocarbons, and other impurities from raw natural gas. Feed gas must meet strict purity limits before it can be cooled without freezing contaminants.
LNG export terminal : A facility that receives natural gas, liquefies it, stores the liquid, and loads it onto ships. Export terminals connect gas-producing regions to overseas LNG markets.
Methane : The simplest hydrocarbon, with one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms; it is the main component of natural gas. Methane makes up most LNG and determines its principal combustion and storage properties.
Global LNG trade : The international exchange of liquefied natural gas through export, shipping, and import networks. LNG links gas markets that would otherwise be separated by oceans and pipeline geography.
Gas liquefaction : The conversion of a gas into a liquid by cooling, compression, or both. LNG is produced by cooling natural gas until its methane-rich stream condenses.
LNG import terminal : A facility that unloads LNG, stores it, and usually regasifies it for delivery to a gas network. Import terminals let countries receive gas from sources not connected by pipeline.
Cryogenics : The science and engineering of producing and using very low temperatures. LNG handling relies on materials and equipment that remain reliable near methane’s boiling point.
Energy security : The reliable availability of energy at affordable prices and with manageable risks. LNG can diversify supply, but dependence on global cargo markets introduces new price and disruption risks.
Cascade refrigeration : A refrigeration process that uses successive cycles and refrigerants to reach very low temperatures. Some LNG plants use staged refrigeration to remove heat efficiently from natural gas.
Floating storage and regasification unit : A vessel that stores LNG and converts it back to gas for delivery to shore. These ships can provide import capacity without building a full onshore terminal.
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