Linked from

The 108 pages that link to Mass spectrometry, each with the reason it gives.

• Atomic numberRelated: It measures isotope masses and abundances, quantities that atomic number alone does not provide.

• Chemical elementRelated: It can distinguish isotopes and help determine elemental composition.

• Molecular formulaRelated: Measured molecular masses help test candidate formulas for an unknown compound.

• Molar massRelated: Molar-mass calculations help interpret mass spectra and identify molecular compositions.

• Analytical chemistryRelated: Ion mass patterns help identify compounds and quantify them in mixtures.

• Lorentz forceRelated: Electromagnetic forces steer ions so their trajectories reveal mass-to-charge ratios.

• IonRelated: It measures ionized molecules to determine their masses and compositions.

• Avogadro constantRelated: It measures isotopic masses and abundances used in precision atomic-scale measurements.

• Ionization energyRelated: Ionization methods create the charged particles that mass spectrometers analyze.

• IonizationRelated: Many mass spectrometers first ionize molecules so electric and magnetic fields can manipulate them.

• Isotope geochemistryRelated: Mass spectrometers quantify isotope ratios in geological samples.

• Oxygen isotope ratioRelated: It measures isotope abundances in many oxygen isotope analyses.

• J. J. ThomsonRelated: Thomson’s positive-ray experiments anticipated the method Aston developed into mass spectrometry.

• Atomic massRelated: It resolves isotope masses and their relative abundances.

• Glenn T. SeaborgRelated: Mass measurements supported the identification and characterization of radioactive isotopes.

• Uranium-235Related: Mass spectrometry made it possible to distinguish uranium-235 from uranium-238.

• Forensic toxicologyRelated: It helps confirm and quantify drugs and metabolites in complex case samples.

• EnceladusRelated: Cassini’s mass spectrometers analyzed gases and grains in Enceladus’s plume.

• Limit of detectionRelated: Its detection limit depends on ionization efficiency, background ions, and instrument conditions.

• ProtonationRelated: Many mass-spectrometric methods protonate molecules to create detectable positive ions.

• Calibration curveRelated: Signal-to-concentration calibration supports quantitative mass spectrometry.

• Carbon-12Related: It measures isotope masses and distinguishes carbon-12 from other carbon isotopes.

• MoleculeRelated: It helps identify molecular masses and infer chemical composition.

• AtomRelated: It distinguishes isotopes and measures atomic or molecular masses.

• Atomic theoryRelated: It measures isotopic masses and helps determine the atomic composition of samples.

• Chemical analysisRelated: Mass spectra provide molecular and elemental evidence for identifying sample components.

• Molecular weight distributionRelated: For suitable polymers, it can resolve individual chain masses and reveal distributions directly.

• ProteomicsRelated: It is the main platform for identifying and quantifying proteins in complex samples.

• Isotope fractionationRelated: It provides the isotope-ratio measurements used to detect fractionation.

• Molecular massRelated: It measures molecular ions to determine or constrain molecular mass.

• Charged particleRelated: It identifies substances by manipulating and detecting charged ions.

• Capillary electrophoresisRelated: Coupling it to capillary electrophoresis adds molecular identification to the separation.

• CationRelated: Cations are common analytes, and their charge helps determine their measured mass-to-charge ratios.

• MetabolomicsRelated: It detects metabolites by measuring the mass-to-charge ratios of ionized molecules.

• Post-translational modificationRelated: It can locate modification sites and measure changes in protein abundance.

• U–Pb datingRelated: Mass spectrometers made precise uranium and lead isotope measurements practical.

• Argon–argon datingRelated: It measures the argon isotope signals from irradiated samples.

• Forensic chemistryRelated: Provides molecular signatures for identifying substances in forensic samples.

• Relative atomic massRelated: It provides the measurements used to determine an element’s isotope contributions.

• Uranium–thorium datingRelated: It quantifies the isotope ratios needed for precise age estimates.

• Isotopic abundanceRelated: Its mass-separated ion signals are used to estimate isotope proportions.

• PhytochemistryRelated: Its molecular-ion and fragmentation data help identify compounds in plant extracts.

• Atomic mass unitRelated: It measures isotope masses that can be expressed in atomic mass units.

• BuckminsterfullereneRelated: Mass spectra revealed an especially abundant carbon cluster with 60 atoms.

• Mass defectRelated: Precise isotope masses provide data for determining nuclear mass defects.

• Rubidium–strontium datingRelated: Precise rubidium and strontium isotope ratios depend on mass spectrometric measurement.

• Thermogravimetric analysisRelated: When coupled to a thermobalance, it can identify volatile species released during heating.

• Uranium-series datingRelated: It measures the isotope abundances needed for precise uranium-series ages.

• Air pumpRelated: Many instruments require pumps to maintain the low-pressure environment in which ions travel.

• Cathode rayRelated: Its early development drew on methods for deflecting charged particle beams.