Linked from

The 240 pages that link to Modernism, each with the reason it gives.

• Bloomsbury GroupNarrower topic: The group’s experiments formed part of British modernism’s wider break with tradition.

• TraditionalismCompared with: Modernism's deliberate break with convention contrasts with traditionalism's regard for continuity.

• Vladimir NabokovRelated: His formal experiments connect his fiction with modernist innovations.

• Sergei ProkofievNarrower topic: His early dissonance and rhythmic force place his music within musical modernism.

• UlyssesNarrower topic: Ulysses is a landmark example of modernist formal experimentation.

• Lost GenerationNarrower topic: Lost Generation writing belongs to a larger movement that included many artists beyond this cohort.

• Gustave CourbetRelated: Courbet’s insistence on contemporary subjects became part of modernism’s account of artistic independence.

• Ivan TurgenevRelated: Turgenev’s concise prose and psychological observation influenced later European writers, including modernists.

• Postmodern philosophyCompared with: Postmodernism is often framed as a challenge to modernism’s confidence in innovation and coherence.

• Théophile GautierRelated: Gautier’s insistence on artistic autonomy helped sustain debates later taken up by modernist artists.

• Aldous HuxleyNarrower topic: Huxley’s novels use modernist techniques while scrutinizing the era’s institutions and technologies.

• André GideNarrower topic: Gide’s experiments with perspective and form anticipate central concerns of modernist fiction.

• Guillaume ApollinaireNarrower topic: Apollinaire’s literary and critical experiments became part of modernism’s varied innovations.

• Joseph ConradRelated: Conrad’s fractured narration and uncertainty connect his fiction with emerging modernist concerns.

• Literary magazineNarrower topic: Modernist writing gained prominent venues through magazines willing to publish formal experiments.

• ParnassianismNarrower topic: Parnassian technical discipline forms part of the poetic inheritance modernists reworked.

• Figurative artRelated: Modern artists repeatedly transformed, rather than simply discarded, figurative subject matter.

• Kenzaburō ŌeNarrower topic: Ōe’s fragmented narratives and symbolic methods place his fiction in a modernist lineage.

• MessageNarrower topic: The collection’s prophetic national subject contrasts with the experimental literary world Pessoa helped shape.

• Moby-DickRelated: Its fragmented structure and unstable meanings later appealed to modernist readers and writers.

• Georgian poetryCompared with: Modernist poets rejected the conventional meters and reassuring rural imagery often linked to Georgian verse.

• Lincoln KirsteinRelated: Modernist debates informed Kirstein’s writing and his efforts to build new American arts institutions.

• Philip JohnsonNarrower topic: Johnson’s career traces both the promotion of modernist architecture and later departures from it.

• Photo-SecessionNarrower topic: Photo-Secession’s later gallery program connected photographic art to wider modernist experimentation.

• Susan SontagRelated: Her early criticism argued for difficult, formally experimental modern art.

• Andrei BelyRelated: Bely’s fractured narration and formal innovations connect his work to modernist writing.

• D. H. LawrenceNarrower topic: Lawrence’s experimental fiction belongs to the period, though his ideals often diverged from modernist peers.

• F. Scott FitzgeraldNarrower topic: Fitzgerald’s shifting perspectives and fractured time place his fiction in conversation with modernist writing.

• Gertrude SteinNarrower topic: Stein’s fractured syntax and repetition became distinctive experiments within this movement.

• Hans HofmannNarrower topic: Hofmann’s practice and teaching grew from modernist experiments in form and color.

• KitschCompared with: Modernist critics often opposed kitsch as formulaic, comforting, and aesthetically compromised.

• Natsume SōsekiRelated: Sōseki’s formal experiments and social unease anticipate concerns associated with literary modernism.

• Nouveau romanNarrower topic: The movement’s experiments continue modernist challenges to conventional representation.

• Octavio PazNarrower topic: Paz’s work connects Mexican experience with international debates about modernity.

• PicturesqueCompared with: Modernist approaches to landscape and art unsettled picturesque conventions of coherent scenic beauty.

• DublinersNarrower topic: Joyce’s compressed scenes and shifting perspectives place the collection within modernist experimentation.

• Art musicRelated: Modernist composers tested the tonal and formal expectations associated with older art-music traditions.

• ChanelNarrower topic: Chanel’s pared-down designs reflected modernist preferences for simplicity and function.

• English novelRelated: Modernist novelists challenged linear plots and stable narration without abandoning the novel.

• European avant-gardeNarrower topic: The avant-garde formed a confrontational, experimental strand within the wider modernist transformation.

• Literary allusionRelated: Modernist works use dense allusions to connect cultural fragments and expose historical rupture.

• Paris in the 1920sNarrower topic: Paris’s interwar circles became a major meeting point for modernist practitioners and ideas.

• Paul SérusierNarrower topic: Sérusier’s emphasis on flatness and expressive color anticipated concerns central to modern painting.

• The Little ReviewNarrower topic: The magazine helped circulate modernist literature in the United States.

• The RainbowNarrower topic: The novel’s shifting perspectives and unconventional treatment of sexuality connect it to modernist fiction.

• Aesthetic autonomyRelated: Modernist experimentation often made artistic independence from convention and utility a visible aim.

• Bruno LatourCompared with: Latour challenges the modernist claim that nature and society have been cleanly separated.

• Camera WorkNarrower topic: Camera Work became a platform for modernist art as well as photography.

• Fernand LégerNarrower topic: Léger’s experiments joined the modernist effort to portray technology and urban experience.

• Fin de siècleNarrower topic: Fin-de-siècle experiments anticipated modernist challenges to established representation.