Linked from

The 42 pages that link to Mosaicism, each with the reason it gives.

• Autosomal dominant inheritanceRelated: Mosaicism can alter symptoms and transmission risk in apparently sporadic dominant conditions.

• ZygoteRelated: Mutations arising during early divisions can make descendants of one zygote genetically different.

• CRISPR gene editingRelated: Editing after cell division can leave an organism with a mixture of edited and unedited cells.

• KaryotypeRelated: A single sampled cell line may not represent all chromosome complements in the body.

• Preimplantation genetic testingRelated: A biopsy may sample a chromosome pattern that does not represent every cell in the embryo.

• AneuploidyRelated: Post-zygotic chromosome errors can leave an individual with both aneuploid and euploid cells.

• IntersexRelated: Different cell lines can contribute to variation in chromosomes and sex-related traits.

• Turner syndromeRelated: Different cell lines help explain the condition’s varied features.

• CRISPR-Cas9Related: Editing after an embryo begins dividing can leave different cells with different edits.

• Variable expressivityRelated: Different proportions or distributions of variant-bearing cells can produce differing manifestations.

• Down syndromeRelated: Mosaic Down syndrome occurs when only some cells carry extra chromosome 21 material.

• Chromosomal microarrayRelated: Low-level mosaicism may produce weak array signals and can be missed, depending on tissue and assay sensitivity.

• NondisjunctionRelated: A postzygotic nondisjunction event can create cell lineages with different chromosome counts.

• De novo mutationRelated: Low-level mosaicism in a parent can complicate claims that a child's variant arose de novo.

• Gene dosageRelated: Different cell lineages can carry different copy numbers and therefore different dosage effects.

• Klinefelter syndromeRelated: Some affected people have both 46,XY and 47,XXY cells, often with variable features.

• CytogeneticsRelated: Cell-by-cell chromosome analysis can reveal mosaic populations missed by bulk tests.

• Genome editingRelated: Editing an embryo can produce organisms in which only some cells carry the intended change.

• Barbara McClintockRelated: Late transposon movement creates the differently pigmented cell patches visible on maize kernels.

• Base editingRelated: Uneven editor delivery or activity can leave treated tissues with a mixture of edited and unedited cells.

• PloidyRelated: A mosaic organism can contain cell populations with different ploidy states.

• X-linked dominant inheritanceRelated: Mosaicism can alter symptoms and recurrence assessments in some X-linked dominant conditions.

• NevusRelated: Postzygotic genetic mosaicism can produce segmental or patterned nevi.

• RetinoblastomaRelated: Mosaic RB1 variants can alter inheritance risk and may be missed by some testing approaches.

• Li–Fraumeni syndromeRelated: Mosaic TP53 variants can complicate diagnosis and estimates of inherited risk.

• Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney diseaseRelated: Mosaic variants can alter disease severity and complicate genetic testing in some families.

• Tetrasomy XRelated: Some cases include cell lines with different numbers of X chromosomes.

• Tuberous sclerosisRelated: Mosaic TSC1 or TSC2 variants can produce milder or unusually distributed disease.

• 22q13 deletion syndromeRelated: Rare mosaic deletions can make the proportion of affected cells relevant to presentation.

• Aarskog–Scott syndromeRelated: Mosaicism can complicate genetic testing and help explain variable clinical findings.

• Central hypoventilation syndromeRelated: Mosaic PHOX2B variants can complicate testing and may contribute to variable presentation.

• Chromosome abnormalityRelated: A chromosome error after fertilization can leave abnormal and normal cell populations side by side.

• GynandromorphismRelated: Many gynandromorphs develop when cell lineages with different sex-related genotypes coexist.

• He JiankuiRelated: Embryo editing can affect some cells but not others, complicating claims about the twins' edits.

• Neurofibromatosis type IIRelated: Post-zygotic NF2 variants can produce milder or asymmetric disease.

• Oculocerebrorenal syndromeRelated: Mosaic OCRL variants may help explain unusual clinical presentations and variation in severity.

• Trisomy 16Related: A mixture of trisomic and non-trisomic cells distinguishes many surviving cases from complete trisomy 16.